Study is jointly funded by: Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), Australia; Ministry of Health, Indonesia; World Health Organization (WHO), SEARO; Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia from 2015-2018. The principal aims of this study are to: a) to evaluate interventions aimed at increasing HIV testing and immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART), also known as the test and treat (T&T) strategy, in key affected populations in Indonesia; b) to develop capacity in implementation research in Indonesia through training and the active participation of local researchers as investigators on the study. Primary research objectives of the study are to assess the impact of enhanced community based intervention compared with current practice, on the proportion of people from each key population who are virologically suppressed 12 months after HIV diagnosis. The study will be conducted among key affected populations in Bandung, Jakarta, Yogyakarta and specifically, Denpasar, Bali.